The stalks grow in tight, straight, parallel bunches, and are typically marketed fresh that way. They are ranged under two classes, white and red. Gardeners can grow a range of cultivars, many of which differ from the wild species, mainly in having stouter leaf stems. In North America, commercial production of celery is dominated by the cultivar called 'Pascal' celery. By the 19th century, the season for celery in England had been extended, to last from the beginning of September to late in April. It was considered a cleansing tonic to counter the deficiencies of a winter diet based on salted meats without fresh vegetables. Ĭelery was first grown as a winter and early spring vegetable. Development of self-blanching varieties of celery, which do not need to be earthed up, dominate both the commercial and amateur market. The plants are raised from seed, sown either in a hot bed or in the open garden according to the season of the year, and, after one or two thinnings and transplantings, they are, on attaining a height of 15–20 cm (6–8 in), planted out in deep trenches for convenience of blanching, which is effected by earthing up to exclude light from the stems. ![]() Taxonomy Cross-section of a 'Pascal' celery rib, the petioleĬelery was described by Carl Linnaeus in Volume One of his Species Plantarum in 1753. The earliest attested form of the word is the Mycenaean Greek se-ri-no, written in Linear B syllabic script. įirst attested and printed in English as "sellery" by John Evelyn in 1664, the modern English word "celery" derives from the French céleri, in turn from Italian seleri, the plural of selero, which comes from Late Latin selinon, the latinisation of the Ancient Greek: σέλινον, romanized: selinon, "celery". The hypocotyl is eaten like a root vegetable. It cannot be found in Austria and is increasingly rare in Germany. It prefers moist or wet, nutrient rich, muddy soils. North of the Alps, wild celery is found only in the foothill zone on soils with some salt content. The first cultivation is thought to have happened in the Mediterranean region, where the natural habitats were salty and wet, or marshy soils near the coast where celery grew in agropyro-rumicion- plant communities. It produces flowers and seeds only during its second year. graveolens, grows to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) tall.Ĭelery is a biennial plant that occurs around the globe. A celery stalk readily separates into "strings" which are bundles of angular collenchyma cells exterior to the vascular bundles. Modern cultivars have been selected for either solid petioles, leaf stalks, or a large hypocotyl. The seeds are broad ovoid to globose, 1.5–2 mm ( 1⁄ 16– 5⁄ 64 in) long and wide. The flowers are creamy-white, 2–3 mm ( 3⁄ 32– 1⁄ 8 in) in diameter, and are produced in dense compound umbels. ![]() ![]() Celery seed powder is used as a spice.Ĭelery leaves are pinnate to bipinnate with rhombic leaflets 3–6 centimetres (1– 2 + 1⁄ 2 inches) long and 2–4 cm (1– 1 + 1⁄ 2 in) broad. Depending on location and cultivar, either its stalks, leaves or hypocotyl are eaten and used in cooking. Celery has a long fibrous stalk tapering into leaves. ![]() MartensĬelery ( Apium graveolens) is a marshland plant in the family Apiaceae that has been cultivated as a vegetable since antiquity.
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